Due to multiple unfortunate sea freight incidents, the International Safety Management Code was put forward in 1993. ISM code is a complete set of guidelines to prevent accidents and marine pollution. In 1994, SOLAS approved it and it became practical.
Now every ship, whether it’s an oil tanker, cargo ship, or any other has to follow it. Five amendments have been made in this code through resolutions.
Main Provisions of International Safety Code
Safety of Life At Sea (SOLAS) has included many essential provisions and conditions in the official document of ISM code. They are binding on all the party states.
Safety and Environmental Protection Policy
There should be strong implementation of the international safety management code to protect the environment. It is followed strictly to achieve the objectives mentioned above. In this policy, the roles and responsibilities of every personnel are assigned properly.
Sea life is threatened due to the huge number of ships going around. So, it is a need of the hour to control this by following international management code regulations.
Responsibilities and Authority of Company
- The ship’s owner is responsible for a written report to the administration if any other company operates it. Sometimes, companies take ships on lease. In this case, complete information about the name and details must be sent to the authorities.
- Every personnel involved in the management and working procedures should be assigned documented roles.
- The company is liable to provide adequate facilities and resources to its designated workers. On-ship and shore-based support is important to perform the standard functions.
Designated Person For Safety Management Code
There should be a properly designated person by the company for better communication. That person will serve as a bridge between authorities and ship management. He will ensure all the safety measures are properly followed.
The designated person will supervise all the procedures to reduce pollution and incidents. He should be capable of understanding all the laws and standard procedures regarding the ISM code.
Master’s Responsibilities
The master should be assigned an authoritative and responsible role by the company.
- He should ensure the proper implementation of safety and environmental protection policies.
- The master is the responsible person for training and motivating all other staff members.
- Should be capable of issuing orders in simple language for better execution.
- Review the whole execution on SMS and discuss the failings with the management.
- There should be clear instructions in the SMS about the authority and command of the master. All the staff should be conveyed that they are bound to obey him.
Resources and Personnel
- It is the responsibility of the company to designate a qualified and skilled person as a master.
- Other staff including seafarers need to be medically fit and qualified according to international standards.
- Proper training programs should be conducted by the company to train them.
- Staff can be familiar with the regulations associated with safety management.
Reports and Analysis of Emergencies and Accidents
There must be clear guidance in the SMS about reporting emergencies, accidents, or any unexpected situations. It should be presented to the company in documented form with all the investigations. Measures must be taken to stop these incidents from reoccurring.
Maintenance of the Ship and Equipment
The maintenance of ships needs to be aligned with international regulations. There should be proper checking of the mechanical aspects of the ship after regular intervals. Equipment must be arranged to face any emergency or hazardous situation. It should have a complete record in a documented form.
Documentation
There is a proper system to record and protect the documents related to SMS. Every ship should have a safety manual that contains all the necessary information. Any changes in the documents are informed to the relevant authorities. Documents must be available at the official places.
Verification and Evaluation Process
The company is responsible for internal evaluation and verification regarding the implementation of SMS. Audits should be conducted every 12 months to verify compliance with safety procedures. It can be relaxed for 3 months in case of any possible delay.
6 Applications of ISM Code
International safety management code applies to multiple stakeholders involved in the shipping process. Some major contenders are discussed in detail.
1. Ship Owners and Controllers
This international code applies to all types of ships and their owners to follow SMS. A safety management system (SMS) is a document that provides complete protocols to follow. By following this document, the rate of accidents and pollution will be minimized.
2. Shipping Companies
It is also applicable to companies managing operations and human resources. They are bound to implement the international safety code by following SMS designed for their responsibilities. It is their responsibility to follow the rules for each vessel.
3. State Administration
Flag states are responsible for following the ISM code under their territory. They must verify DOC (document of compliance) at entry and exit points. Plus, the administration is responsible for asking for an SMC (safety management certificate).
4. Port Authorities
Authorities at the port are also responsible for checking the vessels. They should check the vessels for the correct practice of ISM code. They have inspection rights to inspect whether regulations are followed or not.
5. Classification Societies
These are the authorities, who classify ships and give them certifications. They are also responsible for having a strict check about code regulations. These societies must check the ISM code implementation on each ship.
6. Ship Staff
Shipping personnel including the captain, crew members, and other technical staff are also liable to answer. They must follow the rules and regulations regarding safety procedures. SMS must be followed by all members.
Importance of International Safety Management Code
- By implementing the ISM code, ships can avoid accidents.
- It minimizes marine pollution and protects sea life.
- Ship staff will be able to counter any emergency in a better way.
- Ensures safe practices in shipping operations and maintains a professional environment.
- By following this safety system, you will be able to assess any kind of risks and prepare for them.
